Communism – an analysis
PREFACE
This is a reflection and a deep sea-dimensional analysis. Therefore, it is binding the mind-altering of the person who asks, and who dares to answer it! This should have been addressed and answered in the 17th or 18th century. So everyone should have functioned in an entirely different political and social infrastructure! I think this is worth keeping on file with the 21st century library collections to help many developing countries and developed countries (who are "still" have a firm faith in the "old" Communism), to formulate an appropriate strategy to "accelerate the pace of their socio-economic development".
A) SURVIVAL AND PEDIGREE
Charles Darwin (1809-1882), British naturalist, revolutionized the science of biology by his demonstration of "evolution by natural selection." In the 19th century, they reflected on the survival and extinction of biological species. He said that "the survival of the fittest" only induces any kind to grow and continue to survive in the infrastructure of a particular geographical and environmental conditions in the world. (Note: He did not say "survival of the biggest, fastest, healthier, more powerful, smarter or stronger, "etc..!). He concluded that the agency which" fits "in your environment, accommodates suffering, adjusts and continues to progress, had the best chance of surviving in the world.
Humans are very good part of this concept of survival on earth. However, humans have an additional attribute of intelligence. Therefore, they have acquired an extra "economic" and "social" dimension of survival. This adds to the natural environment and physical size, they share in common with all other species.
All human beings, therefore, trying to fit into the concept of 3 dimensions namely, survival (a) the geography and environment (b) the social situation and (c) infrastructure economic.
Within these frameworks, all species on earth, build and protect their pedigree (tree), to grow and flourish in the centuries
B) socio-economic
The human generation during the last millennium for many, has worked and installed in them a certain mixture of saturation socio-economic level.
1) To obtain only basic needs (food, shelter and clothing) for the day for survival. (Minimum CategorÃa-C. effort economic survival)
2) To acquire, store and accumulate the basic requirements for a period limited future. (Category – B1. Low level effort economic survival).
c) To improve the comfort of luxury with the acquisition of requirements, in addition to basic needs (Category – B Effort means of economic survival).
Only a few people apply the concepts of "extra" economic and social development of the "intelligence" risk and "take" for certain social and economic scale acquisitions as follows —
d) invent new ideas, artifacts, techniques social motivation and technical processes to achieve a leadership "Human" in the world. All actors, politicians, scientists, athletes, etc … belong to this group.
(Category – A1. Superior Social & economic survival).
e) Take the risk of sacrificing accumulated wealth acquired and (b) and (c) above, to an "economic leadership. The businessmen, gamblers, investors, producers (Entertainment, products or processes), traders, etc. format of this group of people. (Category – A higher economic survival with a social leadership as a byproduct).
Inference – The richness and economic prosperity of a person is directly proportional to its objects and efforts, classified as C, B1, B, A1, A above
Note – the trend basic human is not to share the wealth for others, but to spread the wealth of other whenever possible, for persons in all classifications above C, B1, B, A1, A!
C) capitalism – WEALTH DIVIDED
For human from the stone age, discussed the continued existence own, and the groups formed. These were developed in societies. The basic needs of these societies were food, shelter and clothing. The subgroups of members of society decided to work exclusively for each need, and produced agricultural products for food, based on cotton garments for clothing and wood / structures of land for housing. This included the construction of wooden carts pulled by oxen or horses for transportation. All these materials and the animals were under the superiority humans, the master behind them. In this environment the ancient world, there was no significant change of wealth or "economic wealth" among people.
The industrial revolution was responsible for creating a wedge between the eternal unity between man and materials / animals. Beginning in 1563 with the Rev. William Lee, born in Woodborough (near Nottingham, England), the invention of the Stocking Frame, a mechanical device for knitting stockings, to 1801, when Robert Trevithick (Cornwall, England), demonstrated a steam locomotive. Then the brain + work functions productive human groups were assumed by mechanical machines. (Inventions post apace are classified as scientific research and development)
Machines for production of goods needed for basic needs + superior humans in large quantities, better quality and lower costs.
In 1800, when machines became superior to those humans who can take risks and acquire the equipment (which requires a substantial investment) became capitalist risk taking (Category – A).
In his view, non-capitalist mentality of labor as a commodity, and began hiring and firing them. By using higher machine productivity, which paid a pay much less to human operators and supervisors of the machines, to deliver a large volume of products with a better price per unit, due to reduced costs.
This created more people to find only basic needs, with limited power to consider other higher needs and no ability to take the risk (Category B and C). Capitalism divided the pattern of ownership of wealth among the people. However, due to competition, capitalists felt the need for labor participation in management, job training and incentives for the workforce. Capitalism is diluted share wealth more justifiable between labor and ended on a concept of "socialism."
However, capitalism has become a world standard in the 1880s, making the rich richer, the poor poorer. We conducted an A (capitalist) compared with Labor (C) control among the few big rich and poor groups. This environment made some economic figures Polota to think and find an early solution to control and eradicate the growing "capitalist" trend.
D) ACQUISITION OF WEALTH – BIRTH OF COMMUNISM
If any thinking mind body and reach the number of people worldwide belonging into the above categories A, A1, B1, B and C, arithmetic and logic, the deduction should be as follows: —
A = Very few. A1 = Few. B1 = Some.
Many B = C = Very Big
This provides a guide to answer the question "Why a significant amount of wealth is owned by very few people at one end, and why poor people are great at the other end, in this world of economics !!!!". This question is based on which communism originated and survived in the world.
INFERENCE # 1 – The acquisition of wealth is directly proportional to the risk of "taking" capacity and partly proportional to the usefulness of intelligence.
INFERENCE # 2 – The luxury purchase, crossing the boundary of the acquisition basic necessities, is directly proportional to a wrap around environment and the level of economic wealth (All white collar and management professionals in the world – Middle-class people in category B).
INFERENCE # 3 – survival limited economic thinking, and orientation toward the only day to day economic need is directly proportional to a wrap around the precarious situation of economic wealth. [More than 70% of the population in the world are poor (B1) and below poverty line (C)]
In 1897, a Paris-born engineer named Vilfredo Pareto showed that the distribution of wealth in Europe, followed by a simple power-law model, which essentially meant that the extremely rich monopolized most of the wealth of a nation (New Scientist, August 19 2000, p 22). Economists later realized that this law applies only to the very wealthy, and not necessarily to how wealth was distributed among the rest. However, Mathematically, a Pareto distribution has often been used to quantify the distribution of wealth in the world is called an "ABC analysis" or a power law (a polynomial of relationship – a phrase that is constructed from one or more variables and constants, using only the operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication and constant positive whole number exponents). It exhibits the property of the probability distribution that coincides with the social, scientific, geophysical, and many other types of observable phenomena.
It is well known that wealth is distributed unevenly and unjustly. People in general have a normal distribution attributes, abilities and motivation, however, ends with the unequal distribution of wealth, disproportionate to the real talents of people
LESSON: stabilization wealth is a marathon task in the world. It is because every human being has a unique saturation level socio-economic strata, from A to C. Very few to A. Without But most get stuck at level B or C.
E) Communism – WEALTH EQUALIZER
Karl Heinrich Marx (May 5, 1818-March 14, 1883) German philosopher, political economist and revolutionary, was a pioneer in addressing the key role of capitalism in the 1880s world.
Marx addressed a wide range of issues. He was famous for his analysis of history, as summarized in the first line of the introduction of the Communist Manifesto (1848) as "History of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggle. "Marx believed that capitalism would be replaced by communism, over a period of time, the revolution of the people.
Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov, better known by the alias Lenin (April 22do, 1870 to January 21, 1924) was a revolutionary Russia, a communist politician, the leader of the main and the first head of the Soviet Union (USSR). Lenin introduced Communism in Russia. This changed the history of Russia, and the rest of Europe. Lenin applied Marxist ideas in Europe and Russia, which pose a threat to Europe and elsewhere. In developing its plan of socialism in Russia, Lenin followed the examples of Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels [28 November 1820 - August 5, 1895, a 19th-century German sociologist and philosopher, developed the theory communist, with his best-known collaborator, Karl Marx, co-authorship "(1848 The Communist Manifesto)," and the original developers of communist theory]. Lenin explained in his economic theory called "imperialism", the first step was to move gradually into a monopoly, it merged with the capitalist stage, which later became communism. He considered that the monopoly and capitalism are complete opposites to each other, and should not cause problems for the survival of loved humans.
F) The common approach
Both Marx and Lenin was a revolutionary "social leaders" and composed a "Video Story theory under the assumption that a large volume of human beings in the lower economic strata (B, B1 and C) the revolt of sharing the wealth of a few in the higher economic strata (A and A1). This was like "water finds its level" when poured into a large reservoir.
The other European political economists such as Marx and Lenin thought in a similar format. It leads to the formation of communist dominoes "of East Germany (GDR)" by the construction the great wall of Berlin on 13 August 1961, and the formation of the greatest empire of the Communist world, the USSR – Union of Soviet Socialist Republics ", in 1922 with Russia + other 14 countries who think like Communists in Europe and northern Asia.
But communism across central national wealth with the "State" at the apex, so that anyone not in possession of wealth. At the same time, all individuals have all the national wealth added to the state level. The state controlled and repressed all persons under, to take any risk, or to use their brain power to innovate and have a say in the use of wealth at the top level state. In this environment the only rich was the A (State) and all those below were employees (C), but protected by the state to meet all their basic needs. This heats up the momentum in the village of individual freedom and the need to improve their level of economic and social independence.
Marx and Lenin assumed that the large number of people in lower economic strata and social unrest and a level of satisfaction of the equality of wealth as "the Water is its level "when poured into a large reservoir. But what happened was that the people revolted to have the freedom to decide their own economic strata and social, to leave the reserve (the state), having close. As a result, communism in the world crashed in 1991.
* The Communist Germany in the side Eastern dropped its socio-economic set up, broke down the wall on 9 November 1989, and merged with the capitalist West Germany.
* Soviet Union fell in pieces of several smaller nations (and officially dissolved on 31 December 1991), each diluting their Communist principles (control State the total), to private entrepreneurship, as well as partnerships and collaborations with the Capitalist dominated Western USA.
G) Why communism failed?
It is an economic issue millions of dollars! The reasons are again the initiator of the assumptions, methodology application and orientation of the survival of the population.
a) The founders of communism in the world, both Marx and Lenin were revolutionaries or "leaders social '. Any social leader in the world lacks "the thoughts of the management of the future." They had an ambition to share the wealth and equalize among all people. But never thought of how the shared wealth could be put into productive use, creating a surplus and recycled to grow more and more.
b) Both East Germany and the USSR pooled all the assets of the nation and made their "State" as the sole owner. Hence the assistance from the State grow as a monopoly and all working people like simple, without any possessions, yes.
The State used the work as a commodity, without any motivation to use their original ideas and any incentive to improve productivity spirit of contribution.
c) These in turn, created more deception and frustration in the minds of a large volume of work groups all over the country. The State met the physical needs and basic needs (food, housing and clothing). But he could not meet the higher economic and social needs integrated into the human mind. No one can have a surplus of economic exploitation or be a leader of the local groups. Those against the belief of Marx and Lenin, the human and economic freedom encourages social needs rebelled against the state and "caregivers" the State.
It ended an era of 69 years (1922 to 1991) of Communist domination in the world. Because the principles of communism, has been implemented with emphasis STATE guidance in orientation and not PEOPLE.
H) How Communism flourished?
It is also a matter of a million euros! If communism was a little futuristic twist of management, could have emerged as an international guideline for human survival, prosperity and peace.
1) Communist countries, should not have grouped all the wealth of the nation entrusted to the State, to be managed by their carers elected. This created a monopoly on weight of the head at the apex.
2) The State and elected leaders should not be considered internal and the public work, without any role to play in the management and operations of national wealth, grouped at the apex.
3) The methodology for survival Communism, should have been to "consider the national population and its economic / social aspirations of survival" as superior to the head the "heavy state orientation. Without diluting the concept of sharing the wealth of equality, the focus should have been: —
a) Training internal groups have between 1,000 to a maximum of 10,000 for the management and sound progress, wealth marked segments of the pool.
Example.
* Swimming farmland into parcels of 1,000 acres. Allot that a national group of 1,000 people skilled in agriculture to work, grow, produce crops ear marked each season, sale, export and deposit of revenue in the Central Bank. (Agriculture of Mass help get a high volume production at a reduced cost). The central treasury should provide all necessary materials on the expenditure of the head, etc.. justified and supported requests from group members. A quantum sales target should also be fixed.
* To build that car plants with an investment of 1 million each national currency. Assign each unit a national 5,000 persons skilled car to work, fabrication, assembly, testing, sale and export and deposit of revenue in the central bank. The central treasury should provide All the materials needed on the expenditure of the head and so on. justified and supported requests from group members. A quantum sales target should also be fixed
* Hospital Same applies to the aeronautical, chemical, etc … Shipping textile industries. The entire population should be members of some groups work and nobody should be unemployed.
b) The State must take care of housing, food, clothing, children's education, recreation, health health, etc … for all group members.
c) The central bank must pay a fixed salary to all members of the group, regardless of the type of participation group (agricultural, industrial, health, etc.).. An amount of adjustment could be given to some groups justified by the location and other criteria acceptable exception.
d) Industry groups have not achieved the sales target amount should be questioned, the reasons must be analyzed, and actions should be taken by setting achievable goals and the case against the realization should be eradicated.
e) a justifiable amount of the net total (surplus or profits – Losses) arising from the whole group works on each year, will be retained by the Central Bank for further investment and development activities, and the balance will be distributed equally among group members in all sectors, as an incentive.
f) If the net total is a loss in one year, must be Bourne by the central bank, analyzed for any reason by sector, and corrective measures be taken to the non-occurrence of the same in the coming year.
Communist principles should apply with an emphasis on PEOPLE guidance and direction as primary and secondary state
g) In addition, the concept of productivity must be oriented toward the "socio-economic development (SED)" exit as an important assessment tool "Quantum" measures. Consequently, the "decision management "methodology must also be tuned.
h) Socio-economic lead to faster development must come from within a nation which, as a symbol and motivation from the outside. This is possible if the "internal domestic investments are savings" (albeit with an attendance external to begin with) and "domestic technology" (latest technology moderated to suit national conditions) should be driven by work "inside"
See the book "Sed by DRVSRS" and "soma by DRVSRS" (soma = Social Management) at http://www.lulu.com/drvsrs
I) SUMMARY
a) the generation of people trying to fit into the concept of survival that includes the 3D environment and geography, economic size and social progress for centuries and its pedigree. Under these guidelines.
b) Due to the divergence of survival level objectives in the economic and strata of every human being, the accumulation of wealth flows unevenly among people.
The Industrial Revolution c) the mechanization of work human, with cost reduction and quality / volume optimization. This capitalism planted in the world, created a wedge in the process of wealth accumulation. This greater induced a class war. between the owners of wealth towards the workers, hired and fired by them. Competition made the capitalist to realize the importance of the work and diluted the concept of "socialism".
wealth d) The disproportionate accumulation between seeded the concept of communism in the world.
e) The Marx communism originated in Germany, spread to Russia and was promoted by Lenin. Both assumed that the large number of people in the world belong the little wealth that has the kind of workers. Therefore, to rebel to share the wealth of equality, and communism will dominate the world soon.
f) However, Marx and Lenin were "social revolutionaries" and lacked "the thoughts of the management of the future" on how the shared wealth, be recycled to grow more and more and the result of the prosperity of the population share alike? With this limited thought, the USSR (1922) and East Germany (RDA-1961) and created, with all the wealth of the nation, grouped at the apex "State", which represents the whole population!
g) The State became a monopoly and all the people who were ordinary workers, without a possession order. The State used the work as a commodity, without any motivation to use their original ideas and any incentive to improve the productive contribution spirit. AResult As, the GDR collapsed in 1989 and the Soviet Union fell in 1991, putting end to 69 years old communist concept. Beyond that, both began promoting capitalist diametrically opposite approach and cooperation established with the imperialist () U.S.. (because the state was the primary orientation and people orientation was secondary).
h) Communism could have survived and continued as a guide to wealth and prosperity for all nations of the world if the national population was considered "superior" to "State". The national wealth owned by the "State" should have been invested in sectoral projects and instructed the optimal group of people to work, manage and fulfill with a specific sale. State must have met all the needs of this group of people. A reasonable proportion of net profits which were distributed in equal proportions all as an incentive. Below the objectives and the loss should have been questioned and should have taken corrective action. . (Orientation towards people should be primary and the orientation of the state should be secondary).
In addition, productivity and management decision must be geared to "socio-economic development units. "National investment should be made from domestic savings and domestic technology should be manned by domestic work
J) References
The matter is created and presented by the original thoughts, knowledge, innovative ideas, research and development orientation of DR.VSRS, with additional support from: —
1. http://www.drvsrs.com/polifina.htm
2. http://www.drvsrs.com/sedfull.htm
3. http://www.drvsrs.com/mgmtfull.htm
DR.VSRS
Book Store – http://www.lulu.com/drvsrs
Website – http://www.drvsrs.com
About the Author
A trained ISO 9001:2000 Quality systems Consultant and Auditor, MIS Consultant and Socio-economic development acceleration specialist with expertise in Commonwealth Fund for Technical Cooperation (CFTC), London and Caribbean Development Bank (CDB – A World bank & UNDP setup), Barbados, West Indies. Author of over 60 publications in Management technique applications. Over 30 years experience in national and multinational organizations as a Head of Techno-commercial departments. Contributing author to Research papers in Economics (http://ideas.repec.org/e/psu50.html) and social Science Research Network (http://www.ssrn.com/author =360079). Expert in Economics at http://www.allexperts.com/expert.cgi?m=1&catID=2301&expID=74700
Website at and Book store at http://www.lulu.com/drvsrs . Academically a B.Sc (Physics), MBA., Ph.D., D.Litt.,
Trans Sex Club – Lady Shave (Fad Gadget Cover)
[phpzon]Gadget Manifesto, 35, Electronics[/phpzon]
